Spinning and make-up tong



1953 c..A. LUNDEEN 2,649Z,283

SPINNING AND MAKEUP TONG 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 50, 1947 a vw WM C H155 new A LUNDEEN 1953 c. A. LUNDEEN SPINNING AND MAKE-UP TONG 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 50, 1947 Q 0,, 1 gr Aug. 18, 1953 c. A. LUNDEEN SPINNING AND MAKE-UP TONG Filed Dec. so, 1947 e Sheets-Sheet s m CHES 725/? A LU/VDEEN ww m Aug. 18, 1953 c, L N 2,649,283

SPINNING AND MAKE-UP TONG Filed Dec. 50, 1947 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 I i 78 8O 77 35 3 1 f 22 13 I l 21 E v Z4- Z7 1 Fi .7 17/ /////V/V Will ll CHESTLR A. LUNDEEN Z6 4 Aug. 18, 1953 Filed Dec. 30, 1947 C. A. LUNDEEN SPINNING AND MAKE-UP TONG 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 I? .11 ti g1 CHESTER ALUNDEEN Aug. 18, 1953 c. A. LUNDEEN 2,649,283

SPINNING AND MAKE-UP TONG Filed Dec. 50, 1947 s Sheets-Sheet e Patented Aug. 18, 1953 SPINNING AND MAKE-UP TONG =Ghes'ter A. 'Lundeen, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor to Byron Jackson Co Vernon, Calif., a corporation of Delaware Application December 3-0, 1947, Serial No. 794,744

22 Claims. 1

This invention relates to apparatus for threading together pipe sections end to end, particularly fer the purpose of connecting sections of drill pipe, casing or tubing of the type employed in the drilling of wells and the production of fluid or gas therefrom.

More particularly this invention relates to improvements in power operated spinning tongs capa-ble of gripping a pipe and turning it by swinging of the entire tong device as a unit, and also employing power driven spinner rollers on the jaws of the tong which are engageable with the pipe to rotate it relative to the tong device.

Gonven-tio-nal practice in the art of drilling wells by the rotary method requires that the drill pipe sections be threaded together end to end when the drill pipe string is being lowered into the drilled hole. Normally the uppermost section of the drill string is supported in the rotary machine while a new section is being threadedly connected thereto. The new section is suspended in the derrick and aligned with the section held by the rotary machine. A threaded pin on the bottom of the suspended section is positioned for engagement with .a threaded box provided on the upper end of the drill pipe section in the rotary machine. The threaded engagement is efiected by means of a spinning line; the line'is first coiled about the suspended drill pipe section and the free end thereof is pulled to cause the suspended pipe section to rotate. The final makeup of the joint is 'efiected by tongs. The use of the spinning line is dangerous to the drilling crew, requires an extra man to operate it, and has various other disadvantages.

In accordance with my invention I provide a tong device having power driven rollers mounted in the jaws thereof and which are engageable with the pipe to rotate it and bring the threaded portions of the pipe sections to be connected into full engagement preparatory to final make-up of the joint. The final torque is applied by swing ing of the entire tong as a unit, through the use of a tong line extending to .a conventional cathead and under the control of the driller. The spinning line and its attendant hazardous features are eliminated.

Accordingly, the principal object of my invention is to provide a new and improved form of tong device having a power operated spinning roller incorporated therein.

Another object is to provide a tong device of this type in which the spinning roller is retractable outwardly b'eyondjpip'e gripping means provided on a jaw of the 1; evice, in order that 2 the pipe gripping means may be engaged with the pipe to turn it by swinging the tong device bodily about the .pipe axis.

Another object is to provide a novel form of tong device including a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws and having a spinning roller mounted on at least one of the jaws and movable into engagement to rotate a .pipe embraced by the jaws.

Another object is to provide a tong device of this type having positive means for moving the spinning rollers inwardly toward pipe engaging position.

Another object is to provide a power operating spinning tong having a novel form of latch.

Another object is to provide a spinning roller assembly for a tong device, in which a compressible fluid is used as motive power to rotate the roller, and an incompressible fluid is used to advance the roller toward pipe-engaging position.

Another object is to provide an air driven motor for rotating the spinning roller, the motor being adapted to stall under overload when the mating pipe joint parts reach a position preparatory to application of final make-up torque.

Further and more detailed objects and advantages will appear hereinafter.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan View showing a preferred embodiment of my invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation taken substantially in the direction 22 as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 3 is a plan View of a portion of the device With certain of the cover guards removed to show the chain drives for the spinning rollers.

Figure 4 is a sectional plan view taken substantially on the lines 44 as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a sectional elevation taken substantially on the lines 5- 5 as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a sectional elevation taken substantially on the lines 6- 6 as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a sectional elevation taken substantially on the lines 7-? as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 8 is a partial sectional detail taken substantially on the lines 88 as shown in Figure 10.

Figure 9 is a sectional elevation of a portion of-the device taken substantially on the lines 9% as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 10 is an elevational view partly in section showing a portion of the device and being taken on the lines ill-46 as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 11 is a sectional elevation taken substantially on the lines ll-ll as shown in Figure 3.

'Flgure 12 is a plan view of the device partly broken away with the spinning rollers retracted and showing the operation of the device in applying final make-up torque to the joint.

Figure 13 is a partial plan view partly broken away showing a modified form of my device.

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a further modification in which only a single spinning roller is employed.

Figure is a partial plan view showing a further modification.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figure 1 thereof, a tong device generally designated I8 is provided with an integral body forming a main tong lever II having a connection fitting I2 at its outer end and having a pair of jaws I3 and I4 pivotally connected thereto adjacent its inner end. The long jaw I3 is pivotally connected to the lever arm II by means of the pivot pin I5, and the short jaw I4 is similarly connected to the lever arm I I by means of the pivot pin I6. A latch lug jaw I1 is pivotally connected to the short jaw I4 by means of the pivot pin I8, and a latch bar I9 is pivotally mounted on the long jaw I 3 by means of the pivot pin 28. The tong device I I] is adapted to be manipulated into operative position relative to the pipe 2| in the usual manner, and suitable dies 22' and 23 are provided in the long jaw I3 and short jaw I4 respectively for engaging the pipe 2|. The dies may be removably secured to the jaws by means of releasable bolts 9, as shown in Figure 8.

Means are provided on the tong device I8 for spinning the pipe 2I preparatory to final makeup of the joint. As shown in the drawings this means may include a power driven spinning roller mounted in one or more of the jaws of the tong device and adapted to engage the surface of the pipe 2I. As clearly shown in Figure 4 each of the jaws I3, I4 and I1 is provided with a recess I3a, I4a and Ho for reception of retractable roller assemblies. The long jaw I3 is provided with a retractable spinning roller 24 having serrated teeth 25 on its periphery adapted to contact the surface of the pipe 2I. A similar spinning roller 26 is mounted in the short jaw I4. The rollers 24 and 26 extend through slots I3b and I 41) which are provided in the jaws I3 and I4 respectively.

As shown in Figure 6 the spinning roller 24 is fixed on a noncircular portion 21 of an upright shaft 28. This shaft is rotatably mounted in spaced bearings 29 carried in a block 38. The block 38 is slidably mounted in ways 3I provided on the long jaw I3. The block 36 is connected to a piston rod 32 in any convenient fashion such as, for example, by means of set screw 33. A piston 34 formed integrally with the rod 32 is received within the barrel of a relatively short cylinder 35 and is sealed therein by means of a suitable annular seal 36. A closure plate 31 is held in place by means of a snap ring 38. A. compression spring 39 is positioned between the closure plate 31 and the piston 34, and this spring acts to move the piston 34 outwardly in the cylinder 35 away from the pipe 2!. The cylinder 35 is secured to the long jaw I3 by means of the removable bolt member 40.

The spinning roller 26 within the short jaw I4 is mounted in a similar fashion, being carried on an upright shaft 4! rotatably mounted in a block 42 which is adapted to slide on ways 43 carried by the short jaw I4. A piston 44 operating within cylinder 45 is connected to 13 19 91? .2,

and the cylinder is mounted on the short jaw I4 by means of the removable bolt 46.

The lug jaw I1 may be recessed to receive a block 41 sliding on ways 48. The block 41 supports a pair of rotatable idler rollers 49 and 58 by means of stationary axial shafts 5I. Suitable bearings 52 are provided for mounting the idler rollers 49 and on the axial shafts 5I. The block 41 is caused to slide on the ways 48 by means of a piston 53 movable within cylinder 54. The cylinder 54 is removably mounted on the lug jaw I1 by means of the bolt 55. It will be understood that the cylinder and piston assemblies for the spinning rollers 24 and 26 and for the idler rollers 49 and 58 may be substantially duplicates. Liquid pressure admitted into the cylinders 35, 45 and 54 serves to move the rollers 24, 26, 49 and 58 inwardly toward the pipe 2I, and relaxation of the pressure allows the compression springs 39 in each of the cylinder and piston assemblies to return the piston in a direction away from the pipe 2I', thereby retracting the rollers. Suitable pressure connections 56 are provided on each of the pressure cylinders 35, 45 and 54.

Means are provided for rotating the spinning rollers 24 and 26, and as shown in the drawings this means includes a plurality of chain drives operated by means of an air motor generally designated 51. As shown in Figure 9 the air motor 51 is fixed on the tong arm II at a position between the pivot pin I5 and the attachment fitting I2. The securing means for holding the air motor 51 to the lever arm II may include the threaded element 58, the clip 59 and the bolt 68. A sprocket 6| is fixed on the power takeoff shaft 62 of the air motor 51 and is connected by chain 63 with the driven sprocket 64 fixed on a rotatable hub 65. The hub 65 is rotatably mounted by means of spaced bearings 66 on an extension 61 formed integrally with the pivot pin I5. Also fixed on the hub 65 are the driving sprockets 68 and 69. The sprocket 68 is connected by chain 18 with the driven sprocket 1i fixed on the rotatable hub 12. The hub 12 is rotatably supported by means of bearing 13 on an integral extension 14 formed on the end of the pivot pin I6. Also fixed on the rotatable hub 12 is a driving sprocket 15. From this description it will be understood that rotation of the driving sprocket 6I on the power take-off shaft 62 of the air motor 51 serves to effect rotation of the driving sprockets 69 and 15 mounted coaxially of the pivot pins I5 and I6.

As shown in Figure 3 the driving sprocket 39 is connected by chain 16 with driven sprocket 11 attached to the upper end of the shaft 22. The sprocket 11 may be secured to the shaft by any convenient means, and as shown in the drawings, this may include a hub 18 fixed on the shaft by means of welded metal 19 and attached to the sprocket 11 by a plurality of threaded elements 80. Since it is necessary to recess the long jaw I3 as shown at 8| in order to provide clearance for the inner end of the lever arm II when the tong device is being used to apply the final make-up torque to the threaded pipe joint, it is not possible to extend the chain 16 directly between the driving sprocket 39 and the driven sprocket 11. Accordingly, idler sprockets 82 and 83 are provided on the long arm I4. Shaft 84 for supporting the idler sprocket 82 may be rotatably mounted on suitable bearing means (not shown). Shaft 85 carrying the idler sprocket 8 3 also mounted. suitable bearings amazes (not shown) carried by the long jaw l3, and the position of the shaft 85 may be adjusted with respect to the long jaw l3 in order to take up slack in the chain 16. The idler sprocket 83 is adjusted to provide the correct chain tension when the spinning roller 24 and sprocket T! are in advanced position. Driving sprocket "I5 is connected by chain 86 to driven sprocket .81 which is fixed on the upper end of the shaft 41.

From the above description it will be understood that the spinning rollers '24 and .26 are driven in synchronism by means of the chain drives enumerated above whenever the driving sprocket 61 on the air motor 5'5 is caused to rotate. Since the pipe joints are normally provided with righthancl threads, and since the tong device it is ordinarily positioned on the upper length of pipe while the lower length is being held stationary, the pipe 21 must be rotated in a clockwise direction in order to engage the threads of the joint. Accordingly, the spinning rollers 24 and 2e are rotated in a counterclockwise direction. The air motor 51 automatically stalls under overload when the threaded pipe joint sections approach final angular position.

The various chain drives may be enclosed within suitable cover plates and guards in order to enclose the drive'elements against damage, as well as to exclude foreign matter and to protect the operator against injury. Suitable openings are provided in the covers in alignment with the var ious hinge pins and shafts to afford access to lubricant fittings.

An air supply conduit 88 extends diagonally beneath the air motor 51 and is provided with a terminal fitting 39 for connection to an air hose (not shown) which may extend to the storage tank of an air compressor to any other convenient source of air pressure. At the opposite end of the air supply conduit 88 from the connection fitting 89 is mounted a rotary valve Bl! which controls the admission of air to the air motor 5'! by way of conduit SE. The outer sleeve 92 of the valve 90 may be rotated to efiect opening and closing of the valve. A branch conduit 93 is connected by means of the fitting 9 3 with the conduit ill downstream from the control valve QED. The conduit 9.3 communicates with one end of an air-hydraulic cylinder generally designated at. As shown in Figure 12, this cylinder 95 is provided with a freely movable piston assembly 95 which divides the cylinder into a rearward air compartment 9'! and a forward liquid compartment 98. A substantially noncompressible fluid such as, for example, oil :is provided within the chamber as. An outlet fitting 99 leads from the chamber 93 to the T fitting I69. One of the branches of this fitting is connected to a check valve Iii-i, and another connects directly to the return line 8612. The oil supply line Hi3 communicates between the check valve It! and the inlet fitting HM of the bypass control valve $5. The return line W2 is con-- nected to the valve 565 by means of the return fitting [66, while a delivery T fitting Hl'l is connected to a pair of flexible leads ltd and see. The bypass control valve [t5 is provided with an operating lever l-lil which is effective in one position to connect the T fitting iii'i with the inlet fitting IM and in another position to connect the T fitting lfll to the return fitting Hit. The flexible line H38 connects with the inlet fitting for the roller actuating cylinder 55, and also is connected by means of a swing joint ill with a flexible lead H2 which connects with the inlet to the cylinder 54. The flexible line M9 extends to the .inlet for the cylinder :35.

When the oil in the chamber 58 is subjected to pressure the oil passes through the check valve IlH into the bypass control valve .105. Movement of the operating lever Hi) to the position shown in Figure -1 causes oil to flow through the valve and :out through the T fitting All! into the oil lines H18 and T09. Pressure in these lines causes the pistons 34, 44 and 53 :to move radially .inwardl-ytoward the pipe 21 and thus bring the spinningrollers 24 and 2B and idler rollers 49 and 50 into contact with the exterior surface of the pipe 2t. When the control handle .1 I0 is in the position shown in Figure 1 the return line I02 is cut :oif

from. communication with the T fitting 1021p Since the lines L08 and 109 carry .oil to the various cylinders, and since a check valve till is provided in the line to prevent reverse now, the

rollers 24 216, 4-9 and 59 are backed up solidly. Slipping of the driving rollers 24 and 2-5 on the When pipe 21 is thereby effectively prevented. the operating handle 1H] is rotated to another position the T fitting It] is placed in communi cation with the return line I02. Relaxation of the air pressure Within the air-hydraulic cylin-- der then allows the return springs 38 incorpo-- rated in each of the cylinder and piston :assemblies to retract the rollers :24, 26, 4-9 and 59 and allow the oil within the lines .toreturn to the chamber 98,

A branch air pipe I I3 is connected to the air supply pipe 38 upstream from the motor control Valve and connects with a three-way latch control valve H4 having an operating lever -lal'5. A. flexible conduit H 6 extending from the valve As shown IN connects with a cylinder Ill. Figure 4 the cylinder H1 is pivotally mounted on the long jaw l3 by means of a bolt 1 i8. A piston H9 within the cylinder H1 is secured to a piston rod pivotally attached tothe latch bar 19 at l2l. .A compression spring I22 within the cylinder H1 normally .acts to move the latchprovided on the lug jaw 11. When the latch baris in closed position the shoulders 12%: on the latch bar I9 are adapted to engage the lugs I26 formed on the lug jaw 11.

When screwing up a joint, it is preferred to advance the spinning rollers 24 and 2.6 and the idler rollers 49 and 50 into operative position before applying the tong device Hi to the pipe 21. i This is accomplished by moving the lever Hi! to a position to connect the hydraulic :supply pres--- sure conduit I03 in communication with the roller actuating cylinders 35, Q5 and 54, and by rotating the sleeve 92 of the motor control valve 90 to open the valve momentarily. The rollers are locked in advanced position by the check valve 'lill which prevents return of the pressure liquid through the various conduits.

The tong is then applied to the pipe in the, same manner as aconven'tional movable-jawtong,

the latch bar 1 9 being cammed outwardly by engagement with the cam surfaces on the lugs I26,

and being urged inwardly by the spring =E22 to interengage the latching shoulders and 1'26.

A back-up line 129 secured to the fitting I32 acts to restrain the tong device against bodily counters t clockwise rotation about the pipe 2I by the reaction torque developed when the drive rollers 2 and 26 are rotated with respect to the pipe 2I. It Will be noted that with the rollers 24, 2t, 49 and 50 in advanced position the pipe 2! is contacted solely by the rollers, and there is no contact between the pipe and the tong jaws or dies 22 and 23 to develop friction resisting turning of the pipe 2|. The motor control valve 9%? is then opened to actuate the air motor 57 to drive the spinning rollers 24 and 26 in a counterclockwise direction. The pipe 2| is thus rotated in a clockwise direction to make up the threaded joint. The reaction torque tends to cause the jaws I3, is and I! to rotate counterclockwise about the pipe 2i, but inasmuch as the outer end of the lever arm II of the tong device is restrained by the backup line I 29, this condition results in the jaws being constricted about the pipe H to exert additional radial gripping pressure on the rollers in proportion to the torque developed. Tension in the chains 63 and II! also acts to move the jaws I3 and I4 in a counterclockwise direction about the pivots I5 and I6, and the reaction on the lever II is such as to further constrict the jaws about the pipe and prevent slipping of the spinning rollers.

It will be noted that a compressible fluid (air) is used as motive power for rotating the spinning rollers, while an incompressible fluid (oil) is employed for advancing the spinning rollers toward pipe-engaging position. This is a particularly advantageous feature since it provides a solid backing for the rollers against the pipe while enabling the rollers abruptly to stop rotating without slipping on the pipe and without danger of breakage of parts when the torque required to turn the pipe increases sharply.

The turning movement of the pipe is continued until the air motor 51 stalls under overload; indicating that the preliminary spinning of the joint has been accomplished and that final make-up torque may be next applied. The control valve 90 is closed and the valve lever II!) is shifted to connect the hydraulic conduits I68 and I09 with the return conduit I02. The springs 39 employed in connection with the piston and cylinder assemblies then retract the rollers 2 26, 49 and 59 into their respective recesses within the jaws I3, I4 and IT, thereby exposing the dies 22 and 23 for contact with the pipe 25. The

hydraulic fluid in the cylinders returns through the various lines to the chamber 98 within the air-hydraulic cylinder 95.

Simultaneously with the manipulation of the valve 90 and valve lever III] described above, the tong line 28 is tensioned by wrapping its free end around the conventional rotating cathead on the drawworks. The tong lever arm II then moves in a clockwise direction, constricting the jaws I3, I 4 and I1 about the pipe 2I and brings the dies 22 and 23 into engagement therewith. The position of the parts at this stage of use is illustrated in Figure 12. Continued tensioning of the line 28 applies the final make-up torque to the pipe.

To remove the tong device from the pipe 2! the tong line 28 is slackened, permitting the tong lever arm I I to be swung in a counterclockwise direction and thereby release the grip of the jaws on the pipe 2|. The operator then manipulates the valve handle II5 to admit air into the latch operating cylinder II'I, thereby causing the latch bar I9 to be swung outwardly away from latching engagement with the lugs I24 on the lug jaw IT.

The tong device l0 may be applied to the pipe and used only as a make-up tong, if desired. In such case, the air motor 57 is not used and no hydraulic pressure is applied to advance the spinning rollers and idler rollers; the dies 22 and 23 and the concave surface I2! of the lug jaw II engage the pipe and cause it to turn when a force is applied to the outer end of the tong arm II. Such force is generally applied by means of the cable 28 attached to the fitting I2. The tongue device also may be used as a back-up tong for breaking out joints in accordance with general practice, but in this case also the spinning rollers are not used.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the rollers 24, 25, 49 and 59 may be mounted on the tool joints which connect the ends of drill pipe, or it may be mounted directly on the exterior surface of casing or tubing.

In order to accommodate a wide ran e of drill pipe and casing sizes, different sized interchangeable lug jaws I! may be provided. The same assembly of cylinder 54, piston 53, block 5? and rollers 49 and 59 may be used with all interchangeable lug jaws. The bolt 55 and handle 55a may be removed to permit withdrawal of the entire idler roller assembly, and subsequent removal of the hinge pin I8 enables a different sized lug jaw I! to be installed. The same roller assembly may be then inserted in the new jaw. This arrangement avoids the necessity of disconnecting the hydraulic system with the attendant possible loss of hydraulic fluid and introduction of air or foreign matter into the hydraulic system. Each lug jaw I7 may be provided with more than one set of lugs I26. Thus the lugs I 26a enable the lug jaw IT to accommodate more than one size of pipe 2I, since the shoulders I25 on the latch bar I9 may be selectively engaged with either the lugs I 26 or the lugs i2ta.

The tong device I9 may be suspended in any convenient manner within the drilling rig, and preferably this means may include a hanger bracket IBI having a sleeve I32 pivotally mounted thereon. A suspension bar I33 may be attached to the sleeve and extend upwardly for support by any convenient means. I prefer that the supporting rod and its associated parts be substantially of the type shown in my copending application, Serial No. 583,790, filed March 20, 1945.

The modification shown in Figure 13 shows a pair of idler rollers I50 and I5I which are rotatably mounted on a lug jaw I52. No provision is made for advancing and retracting the idler rollers with respect to the pipe I53. This arrangement eliminates the detachable cylinderpiston-block assembly for the lug jaw I52, and also eliminates a conduit for supplying liquid pressure. This in turn simplifies the interchange of different sized lug jaws I52, as each lug jaw could be provided with its own idler rollers I50 and I5I of the proper size. The remaining parts of the tong device shown in Figure 13 may be substantially identical to that described in connection with the device shown in Figures 1 to 12 inclusive.

The modified form of my invention shown diagrammatically in Figure 14 shows a single spinner roller MD having serrated teeth MI and driven from a shaft I62. Such a spinner roller and its associated advancing and retracting mechanism may be mounted in one of the jaws,

for example, the short jaw l4. The other rollers I43, I44 and I45 are idlersand no power is vantage of eliminating one of the chain drives and associated parts. 7

In Figure 15 is shown a further modification in which a pair of dies I60 and I6I may be mounted in side by side relationship on the short jaw 62. The purpose of this arrangement is to insure proper engagement of the dies on the short jaw I 62 for pipes I63 of varying size. Thus for a larger size of pipe I63 the lug jaw I64 may be latched at a second position so that the pipe I63 is contacted by the dies I60, I '6I and res and also by the concave surface I66 of the lug jaw I64.

Having fully described my invention, it is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited to the details herein set forth, but my invention is of the full scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A tong comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws; the end jaws of the series being pivotally connected to the lever at spaced pivot points whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; pipe gripping means on the pipe engaging faces of certain of the jaws; a cylinder and piston assembly mounted on one of the jaws; a roller support connected to the assembly and movably mounted on the jaw; a roller rotatably mounted on the roller support and adapted to engage the pipe; a conduit supplying incompressible liquid under pressure to said cylinder; a control valve in said conduit for selectively applying pressure to move the roller into pipe engaging position; and a check valve in the conduit upstream from the control valve adapted to prevent return flow of liquid from said cylinder whereby the roller is locked in pipe engaging position.

2. A tong comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws, the end' jaws of the series being pivotally connected to the lever at spaced pivot points whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; pipe gripping means on the'pipe engaging faces of certain of the jaws; a cylinder and piston assembly mounted on one of the a roller support connected to the assembly and movably mounted on the jaw; a roller rotatably mounted on the roller support and adapted to engage the pipe; a conduit supplying incompressible liquid under pressureto said'cylinder; a check valve in the conduit adapted to prevent return flow of liquid from said cylinder whereby the roller is locked inpipe engaging position; a valve controlled conduit bypassing said check valve; and a spring adapted to retract the roller away from said pipe.

' 3. A tong comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnectedjaws, the end jaws of the series being pivotally connected to the lever at spaced pivot points whereby swinging ofthe' lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; pipe gripping means on the pipe engaging 'faces of certain of the jaws; a cylinder and piston assembly mounted on'one. of the jaws; a roller support connected to the assembly and movably mounted on the jaw; a roller rotatably mounted on the roller support and adapted to engage the pipe; resilient means adapted to retract the roller support to move the roller away from said pipe; a source of incompressible liquid under pressure; a control valve; a supply conduit communicating with said source and said valve; a check valve in the supply conduit; a return conduit extending from the control valve to said source; and a delivery conduit extending from the control valve to said cylinder, said control valve being operable to connect either the supply conduit or the return conduit to the delivery conduit whereby the roller may be selectively advanced or retracted with respect to the pipe.

4. A ton comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws, the end jaws of the series being pivotally connected to the lever at spaced pivot points whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; pipe gripping means on the pipe engaging faces of certain of the jaws; a cylinder and piston assembly mounted on one of the jaws; a roller support connected to the assembly and movably mounted on the jaw; a roller rotatably mounted on the roller support and adapted to engage the pipe; a reservoir mounted upon the tong; freely movable partition means dividing the reservoir into a liquid chamber and an air chamber; valve controlled conduit means adapted to supply air under pressure to said air chamber for pressurizing the liquid in the liquid chamber; and a hydraulic connection communicating between the liquid chamber and said cylinder, said connection including a check valve adapted to prevent return flow of liquid from said cylinder whereby the roller is locked in pipe engaging position.

5. A tong comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws, the end jaws of the series being pivotally connected to the lever at spaced pivot points whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; a pipe gripping die on one of said jaws, said die having an upper section and a lower section vertically spaced therefrom; a spinning roller movably mounted on said end jaw and movable between an operative position wherein it projects between said die sections into engagement with the pipe and a retracted position away from said pipe; an idler roller mounted on another of said jaws and adapted to contact the pipe; a motor for turning the spinning roller; and means for moving said spinning roller relative to its jaw into operative position.

6. A pipe tong jaw having a pipe contacting die thereon, the die having an upper section and a lower section defining a gap therebetween; a spinning roller movably mounted on said jaw and movable through said gap between an operative position to engage the pipe and a retracted position away from said pipe; power means for turning the spinning roller; and means for moving said spinning roller relative to the jaw into operative position.

'7. A pipe tong jaw having a pipe contacting die thereon, the die having an upper section and a lower section defining agap therebetween; a roll-- or movablymounted on said jaw and movable through said gap between an operative position to engage the pipe and a retracted position away from said pipe; and hydraulic means for moving said roller relative to the jaw into operative position. 7

8. A tong comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws, the end jaws of the series being'pivotally connected to the lev'er'by n spaced pivot pins whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; pipe gripping dies on said end jaws; a spinning roller movably mounted on each of said end jaws and movable between an operative position wherein it projects inwardly of the jaw die and a retracted position outwardly of said die; a motor carried by said lever; a driven sprocket fixed relative to each of said spinning rollers; a driving sprocket rotatably mounted coaxially of each of said pivot pins; a first chain connecting the driven sprocket on the first end jaw with the driving sprocket associated with the pivot pin for that end jaw; a second chain connecting the driven sprocket on the second end jaw with the driving sprocket associated with the pivot pin for that end jaw; and power transmission connections whereby the motor may simultaneously drive both of said driving sprockets.

9. In a tong device, the combination of a lever; a series of pivotally interconnected jaws adapted to embrace a pipe, said series including a long jaw pivotally connected to the lever by a first pivot pin and a short jaw pivotally connected to the lever by a second pivot pin, the pins being spaced along said lever with the second pin closer to the inner end of the lever; a spinning roller movably mounted on the long jaw and the short jaw, each roller being mounted for movement on its respective jaw in a direction toward and away from said pipe; a motor on said lever; a driven sprocket fixed relative to each of said spinning rollers; a driving sprocket rotatably mounted coaxially of each of said pivot pins; a first chain connecting the driven sprocket on the long jaw to the driving sprocket associated with the first pivot pin; a second chain connecting the driven sprocket on the short jaw to the driving sprocket associated with the second pivot pin; and power transmission connections whereby the motor may i simultaneously drive both of said driving sprockets.

10. In a tong device, the combination of a lever; a series of pivotally interconnected jaws adapted to embrace a pipe, said series including a long jaw pivotally connected to the lever by a first pivot pin and a short jaw pivotally connected to the lever by a second pivot pin, the pins being spaced along said lever with the second pin closer to the inner end of the lever; a spinning roller movably mounted on the short jaw and movable in a direction toward and away from said pipe; a pipe engaging roller on the long jaw; a motor carried on said lever; a driven sprocket fixed relative to said spinning roller; a driving sprocket rotatably mounted on said second pivot pin; a chain connecting the sprockets; and means whereby the driving sprocket may be driven from said motor, said means including a rotatable member carried by the first pivot pin.

11. In a tong device, the combination of a lever; a series of pivotally interconnected jaws adapted to embrace a pipe, said series including a long jaw pivotally connected to the lever by'a first pivot pin and a short jaw pivotally connected to the lever by a second pivot pin, the pins being spaced along said lever with the second pin closer to the inner end of the lever, the series also including a lug jaw pivotally connected to the short jaw; releasable latch means pivotally connecting the long jaw and the lug jaw; a spinning roller movably mounted on the long jaw and the short jaw, each roller being mounted for movement on its respective jaw in a direction toward and away from said pipe; power means for turn- 12 ing the-spinning rollers simultaneously; and an idler roller rotatably mounted on the lug jaw.

12. A tong comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws, the end jaws of the series being pivotally connected to the lever at spaced pivot points whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; axially extending pipe gripping means on the pipe engaging faces of certain of the jaws; a pipe spinning roller movably mounted on at least one of the jaws intermediate the ends of the pipe gripping means and movable between an operative position wherein it projects inwardly of the pipe engaging face of the jaw and a retracted position outwardly of said face; means for advancing the spinning roller relative to its law into operative position, power means for rotating the spinning roller and thereby rotating the pipe, and resilient means for moving the roller to retracted position whereby the pipe may be engaged by said gripping means and turned by bodily swinging movement of the lever about the pipe axis.

13. A tong comprising a lever and a series of pivotally interconnected jaws, the end jaws of the series being pivotally connected to the lever at spaced pivot points whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe; axially extending pipe gripping means on the pipe engaging faces of certain of the jaws; a pipe spinning roller movably mounted on at least one of the jaws intermediate the ends of the pipe gripping means and movable between an operative position wherein it projects inwardly of the pipe engaging face of the jaw and a retracted position outwardly of said face; power means for driving the spinning roller, means for moving the spinning roller between said operative and retracted positions, whereby the pipe may be engaged by said gripping means and turned by bodily swinging movement of the lever about the pipe axis.

14. A pipe tong jaw having a pipe-contacting die thereon, the die having an upper section and a lower section defining a gap therebetween, a roller, means mounting the roller on the jaw for rotation and for movement through said gap between an operative position to engage the pipe and a retracted position away from said pipe, and hydraulic means on the jaw for moving said roller relative to the jaw into operative position.

15. A power spinning and make-up tong, including a first jaw member having an inner face adapted to be presented to the circumference of a pipe, fixed pipe engaging means on said inner face for engaging a pipe at an axially limited circumferential area thereof to rotate the pipe on its axis upon movement of said jaw about the pipe axis, movable pipe engaging means carried by said jaw within the axial limits of said fixed pipe engaging means for engaging the pipe within said same axial limits, means for moving said movable pipe engaging means with respect to said fixed pipe engaging means to an operative position inwardly of said fixed pipe engaging means and an inoperative position outwardly of said fixed pipe engaging means, whereby said circumferential area may be selectively engaged by either said fixed pipe engaging means or said movable pipe engaging means, means for moving said movable pipe engaging means with respect 13 which the relatively movable pipe engaging member comprises a spinning roller and means for rotating the same on its own axis.

17. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 in which the jaw members are pivotally connected to a lever at spaced pivot points, whereby swinging of the lever in one direction constricts the jaws about a pipe.

18. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 in which the first and second jaw members constitute the end jaws of a pivotally interconnected series of jaws.

19. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 in which the jaw engaging means of the second jaw includes an idler roller.

20. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 in which the second jaw member includes a fixed pipe engaging means and a relatively movable pipe engaging means for engaging the pipe within said same axial limits.

21. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 in which fluid power means are provided for moving said movable pipe engaging means.

22. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 in which the pipe engaging means of the second jaw is disposed within the axial limits of said fixed and movable pipe engaging means of said first jaw to engage a pipe at the same circumferential area.

CHESTER A. LUNDEEN.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

